Hyaluronic Acid – The Ultimate Skin Hydrator
Hyaluronic Acid (HA) is a naturally occurring humectant found in the skin, joints, and connective tissues. It has an exceptional ability to retain moisture, making it a key ingredient in skincare.
Discovery & Manufacturing
Hyaluronic Acid was first identified in 1934 by Karl Meyer and John Palmer at Columbia University in New York City, USA.
Initially, it was extracted from the vitreous humor of cow eyes, but modern production uses fermentation. Today, the largest production hubs for Hyaluronic Acid are in China, Japan, and the United States, where it is synthesized for cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and medical applications.
Chemical Structure & Function
Hyaluronic Acid is a glycosaminoglycan (GAG) composed of repeating units of D-glucuronic acid and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine. This unique structure allows it to bind water molecules, ensuring hydration and elasticity in the skin.
| Molecular Weight | Penetration Depth | Skin Benefits |
|---|---|---|
| High Molecular Weight (1,000 - 1,500 kDa) | Stays on the surface | Forms a moisture barrier, reduces dehydration |
| Medium Molecular Weight (200 - 800 kDa) | Mid-layer penetration | Improves elasticity, reduces fine lines |
| Low Molecular Weight (50 - 200 kDa) | Deep penetration | Deep hydration, plumps skin from within |
| Oligo-Hyaluronic Acid (<50 kDa) | Deepest penetration | Boosts skin repair, increases collagen production |
